Gibralter of the South: the Evolution of the Victorian Defences 1851-1945

Buildings at Fort Queenscliff, erected in the 1880s development.

The most recent edition of the Victorian Historical Journal, Volume 83 No 1, published by the Royal Historical Society of Victoria, has an article written by Bob Marmion who gives an overview of Victoria's history of local defence, and also mentions the Defence Sites Survey of Port Phillip Heads from 2005 to 2010, conducted by himself and marine archaeologist Dr Brad Duncan.  Marmion argues that 'even though Victoria lacked a truly effective defence scheme throughout most of its colonial life, after 1883 the foundations were laid for a comprehensive and effective national defence scheme in the post-Federation era'.